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E-mail: [email protected]
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Principle of VOCs Adsorption and Desorption
时间: 2025-07-11 14:11
The adsorption-desorption principle of VOCs (volatile organic compounds) refers to using porous adsorbent materials to capture VOCs from exhaust gas, and after saturation, desorbing them by heating or reducing pressure, thereby achieving the
The principle of VOCs (Volatile Organic Compounds) adsorption-desorption refers to using porous adsorbent materials to capture VOCs from waste gas, and after saturation, desorbing them by heating or reducing pressure, thereby achieving the concentration and recovery or subsequent treatment of VOCs.
The principle can be divided into two processes:
The principle can be divided into two processes:
1. Adsorption Process
Principle:
Using the microporous structure and high specific surface area on the surface of adsorbents (such as activated carbon, molecular sieves, activated carbon fiber) to adsorb VOC molecules from the gas phase onto the solid surface.
Characteristics:
Mainly physical adsorption: dominated by van der Waals forces, not a chemical reaction;
Selective adsorption: higher adsorption efficiency for high boiling point, low polarity organic compounds;
Efficient at low temperature: high efficiency at room temperature, suitable for low concentration, large air volume waste gas treatment.
2. Desorption Process
Principle:
When the adsorbent approaches saturation, the adsorption equilibrium is broken by heating (thermal desorption) or vacuum (pressure reduction desorption), releasing the VOCs adsorbed on its surface.
Common methods:
Thermal desorption: heating the adsorbent to 150~200℃ (activated carbon) to evaporate VOCs;
Steam desorption: using superheated steam as the desorption medium;
Vacuum desorption: reducing the pressure of the adsorption bed to facilitate VOC molecules detaching.
3. Applicable Scenarios
| Applicable Scenario | Examples |
|---|---|
| Low concentration, continuous emission | VOCs waste gas from industries such as spraying, printing, electronics, chemical industry |
| VOCs with recovery value | Such as benzene series, ketones, alcohols, ethers, etc. |
4. Subsequent Treatment
The VOCs enriched after desorption usually have a high concentration and can:
Enter the catalytic combustion (CO) device for thorough decomposition;
Condense and recover, then purify for reuse;
Incinerate, suitable for unrecoverable or toxic VOCs.
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